Pharmacological Review of Euphorbia hirta L. . in Dyslipidemia Management: Focus on In Vitro Lipid and Enzyme-Based Assays

Abstract

A traditional medicinal plant known as Euphorbia hirta L. . has lately gained a lot of interest for its potential use in the treatment of dyslipidemia, a leading cause of cardiovascular disease. In this review, we examined the pharmacology of Euphorbia hirta, focusing on the findings of in vitro lipid- and enzyme-based analyses that explain how the plant functions as an enzyme inhibitor and lipid-lowering agent. The medicinal value of Euphorbia hirta L. ies in the fact that it contains numerous bioactive chemicals with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and lipid-modulating characteristics. Its hypolipidemic effects may be due to its inhibitory effects on enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, such as lipase and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, as shown by enzyme tests. In vitro lipid experiments also demonstrated that the plant may reduce triglyceride and cholesterol levels. This study compiled and analyzed the available experimental evidence to provide a mechanism-based understanding of the effectiveness of Euphorbia hirta L. in treating dyslipidemia. It did so by defending the plant's traditional use and encouraging more pharmaceutical and clinical studies on the subject. For researchers and clinicians exploring supplementary and alternative approaches to lipid management, this list has been an invaluable resource.