Recent Improvements in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continues to be a significant global health challenge, necessitating ongoing advancements in its management. Recent developments have revolutionized T2DM treatment, focusing on novel pharmacotherapies, technological innovations, and comprehensive lifestyle interventions. New classes of medications, including sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, have shown substantial benefits in glycemic control, cardiovascular outcomes, and renal protection. Additionally, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems and insulin delivery devices have enhanced patient self-management and adherence to treatment regimens. Integrative care models emphasizing personalized medicine and multidisciplinary approaches are also proving effective in optimizing patient outcomes. This review explores these advancements, highlighting their impact on the management of T2DM and offering insights into future directions for research and clinical practice.