Comprehensive Overview of Calotropis gigantea (L): Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Therapeutic Potential

Abstract

Calotropis gigantea (L.), commonly known as giant milkweed or crown flower, is a medicinally important plant widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in India and Southeast Asia. For centuries, it has occupied an important place in traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, and folk healing practices, and almost every part of the plant, including leaves, flowers, latex, roots, and bark, has been used for therapeutic purposes. In recent years, Calotropis gigantea has attracted growing scientific interest due to its diverse phytochemical profile and broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. This review aims to present a comprehensive overview of the botanical description, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological properties, toxicological concerns, and future research potential of Calotropis gigantea